AbstractsMedical & Health Science

Contribution of disability to self-perceived health in community dwelling seniors

by Dobromir Petkov




Institution: McGill University
Department: School of Physical & Occupational Therapy
Degree: MS
Year: 2010
Keywords: Health Sciences - Epidemiology
Record ID: 1885668
Full text PDF: http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile92365.pdf


Abstract

Self-reported health (SRH) is an important part of the multidimensional construct health related quality of life (HRQL). SRH in the elderly is particularly important, as their absolute and relative numbers are increasing worldwide. In elderly patients, self-reported health is strongly associated with the adverse health outcomes of aging. Knowledge about factors affecting SRH would be informative for ongoing health management of elderly persons. The literature is consistent that aspects of function are important contributors to SRH, making 'function' an important target for prevention and rehabilitation in the elderly. The main objective of this study was to identify, for a community dwelling older population, the extent to which indicators of functional status contribute to general health perception over and above known personal and health related contributors, and to ascertain whether the profile of contributors remains stable over one year. A longitudinal study of a population-based sample of 215 community-dwelling individuals 65 years of age and older, recruited randomly in 1995 from Montreal area, was carried out. Ordinal regression was applied at study entry and twelve months later. The main outcome - self- reported health was measured with the General Health Perception Scale from the Medical Outcomes Study 36-item Short Form (SF-36). Half of the sample was stable (43%) and an equal proportion of people improved or deteriorated. Fatigue was a factor predicting both SRH at study entry and change over time; social engagement was a factor predicting change as was physical function. This information could indicate that worsening fatigue, loss of social engagement and deteriorating physical function could be early warning signs of deteriorating health and these may appear before the effects are detected using standard medical investigations. L`Auto-évaluation de la santé (AES) est un élément important de la structure multidimensionnelle de la qualité de vie liée à la santé (QVLS). L'AES est particulièrement important chez les patients âgés, car le nombre absolu et relatif de cette population augmente dans le monde. Chez les patients âgés, l'AES est fortement associée à des évènements de santé négatifs dû au vieillissement. La connaissance des facteurs influençant l'AES serait informatif pour la gestion du suivi de la santé des personnes âgées. La littérature est cohérente en soulignant que des aspects de la fonctionnalité des personnes contribuent de façon importantes à l'AES, ce qui fait de la 'fonctionnalité' une cible importante pour la prévention et la réadaptation chez les personnes âgées. L'objectif principal de cette étude était d'identifier, pour une population âgée vivant dans la collectivité, jusqu'à quelle point les indicateurs de l'état fonctionnel contribuent à la perception générale de la santé au-delà des contributeurs personnels et ceux reliés à la santé qui sont déjà connus, et d'établir si le profil de ces contributeurs demeure stable au cours d'une année. Une étude longitudinale d'un…