AbstractsEngineering

"One of the most important properties of refractory materials is the ability to resist stress which may either be directly applied or originate in the material. The factors which govern the resistance to stress include the modulus of elasticity, the ultimate strength under different types of stress, and the "flow" characteristics which become of importance when the material is stressed at the temperature at which plasticity is developed. Systematic determinations of the mechanical properties such as modulus of elasticity and ultimate or breaking stress is rather difficult or more or less impossible to carry out at the temperature at which the refractories are used" – Introduction, p. 1.