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Characterization of NaAlH4 by 1H-NMR

by Laura Esther Valiente Banuet

Institution: University of Stuttgart
Department: Fakultät Mathematik und Physik
Degree: PhD
Year: 2013
Keywords:
Posted:
Record ID: 1109218
Full text PDF: http://elib.uni-stuttgart.de/opus/volltexte/2013/8476/


Abstract

In order to be able to use alanates as hydrogen storage material it is necessary to know how the hydrogen atoms behave during loading, discharge and reloading of differently treated materials. This ¹H-NMR study was conducted to know how the hydrogen discharge depends on the treatment of the samples. In order to achieve this goal, two kinds of samples were produced with purified sodium alanate (NaAlH₄). The first kind of samples was prepared by ball-milling NaAlH₄ crystals for 5 minutes, 30 minutes and 12 hours. The samples prepared in this way were designated as ball-milled samples. The second kind of samples was obtained by ball-milling NaAlH₄ crystals for 30 minutes along with 1, 2, or 5 mole % of Ti clusters (Ti₁₃·6THF). This type of samples was denoted as Ti catalyst doped samples, and (in specific depending on the catalyst proportion used) as 1-, 2-, or 5-mole % sample. Spin-lattice relaxation rates and spectra are usually mediated by motional processes like e.g. lattice vibrations or diffusion of particles. To get a better understanding of the hydrogen desorption process and of the hydrogen dynamics, measurements of the ¹H-NMR spectra and spinlattice relaxation rates (Γ₁) were performed on both kinds of samples as a function of temperature. The range of temperatures used went from room temperature up to about 360 K. Measurements at lower temperatures (below room temperature down to 260 K) were only carried out on the 2-mole % sample. In order to explicitly investigate the hydrogen desorption from catalyzed samples at constant temperature, ¹H-NMR spectra and spin-lattice relaxation rates (Γ₁) were measured as a function of time. In addition, a structural analysis of NaAlH₄ by ¹H-NMR was done. Um Alanate als Wasserstoffspeicher nutzen zu können, ist es notwendig zu wissen, wie sich die Wasserstoff-Atome in unterschiedlich behandelten Materialien bei „Auf-, Be- und Entladungs- Prozessen“ verhalten. Diese ¹H-NMR-Studie wurde durchgeführt, um die Wasserstoff-Entladung in Abhängigkeit von der Behandlung der Probe zu untersuchen. Dafür wurden zwei Arten von Proben mit gereinigtem Natriumalanat (NaAlH₄) hergestellt. Die erste umfasst Proben ohne Katalysator, die 5 Minuten, 30 Minuten und in einem Fall auch 12 Stunden gemahlen wurden. Die Proben, die auf diese Weise hergestellt wurden, wurden als kugelgemahlene Proben bezeichnet. Eine zweite Probenart besteht aus Proben die 30 Minuten mit 1, 2, oder 5 Mol% Ti₁₃·6THF Katalysator gemahlen wurden. Diese Art von Proben wurde als Ti-Katalysator dotierte Proben bezeichnet, und je nach verwendetem Katalysatoranteil als 1, 2, oder 5 Mol% Probe. Die Spin-Gitter-Relaxationen und die Spektren hängen in der Regel von Bewegungsprozessen wie z. B. Gittervibrationen oder der Diffusion von Teilchen ab. Um ein besseres Verständnis der Wasserstoff-Desorption und der Wasserstoff-Dynamik zu erhalten, wurden Messungen der ¹H-NMR-Spektren und der Spin-Gitter Relaxationen (Γ₁) an beiden…

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