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Biological hydrogen production from industrial wastewater with «Clostridium beijerinckii»

by Monika Skonieczny

Institution: McGill University
Department: Department of Chemical Engineering
Degree: M. Eng.
Year: 2008
Keywords: Engineering - Chemical
Posted:
Record ID: 1827493
Full text PDF: http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile21981.pdf


Abstract

An investigation of biohydrogen production from glucose by Clostridium beijerinckii was conducted in a synthetic wastewater solution. A study examining the effect of initial pH (range 5.7 to 6.5) and COD loading (range 1 to 3 g/L) on the specific conversion and hydrogen production rate has shown interaction behaviour between the two independent variables. Highest conversion of 10.3 mL H2/(g COD/L) was achieved at pH of 6.1 and COD of 3 g/L, whereas the highest production rate of 71 mL H2/(h*L) was measured at pH 6.3 and substrate loading of 2.5 g COD/L. In general, there appears to be a strong trend of increasing hydrogen production rate with an increase in both substrate concentration and pH. Butyrate (14% to 63%), formate (10% to 45%) and ethanol (16% to 40%) were the main soluble products with other volatile fatty acids and alcohols present in smaller quantities. Absence of the key nutrients biotin, MgSO4.7H2O and FeSO4.7H2O caused a significant decrease in hydrogen yield when compared to the results obtained under standard synthetic wastewater conditions, though no significant difference was observed when concentrations of biotin, MgSO4.7H2O, K2HPO4, KH2PO4, were decreased partially. Preliminary experiments with wastewater effluent obtained from a yogurt manufacturer gave poor biohydrogen production. Ce projet de recherche porte sur la production de biohydrogène par le Clostridium beijerinckii en utilisant comem subtrat le glucose contenu dans une eau usée synthétique. Une étude de l'effet du pH initial (intervalle de 5.7 à 6.5) et de la charge organique (intervalle de DCO de 1 à 3 g/L) sur la conversion spécifique et le taux de production d'hydrogène a démontré des interactions entre ces deux variables indépendantes. La conversion la plus élevée, 10.3 mL H2/(g COD/L), a été observée à un pH de 6.1 et une DCO de 3 g/L alors que le plus haut taux de production, 71 mL H2/(h*L), a été obtenu à un pH de 6.3 et une DCO de 2.5 g/L. La tendance globale indique que le taux de production d'hydrogène augmente lorsque la charge organique et le pH augmentent. Le butyrate (14% à 63%), le formate (10% à 45%) et l'éthanol (16% à 40%) formaient les principaux produits solubles. Des acides gras volatiles et des alcools ont également été observés en faibles quantités. L'absence de nutriments essentiels tels que biotine, le MgSO4.7H2O et le FeSO4.7H2O a causé une diminution significative de la production d'hydrogène comparativement aux résultats obtenus à l'aide des conditions de référence utilisées pour la solution d'eau usée synthétique. Aucun impact significatif n'a toutefois été observé lorsque la concentration de ces nutriments était diminuée que partiellement. Des essais préliminaires à partir d'eau usée provenant d'une usine de production de yogourt ont indiqué une faible production d'hydrogène à partir de ce substrat.

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