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Sticky pin mounting; Montering av tröga tappar

by David Lilja

Institution: Karlstad University
Year: 2016
Keywords: Engineering and Technology; Mechanical Engineering; Teknik och teknologier; Maskinteknik; Engineering: Mechanical Engineering, spec. in Materials Engineering (300 ECTS credits); Civilingenjör: Maskinteknik (300 hp)
Posted: 02/05/2017
Record ID: 2085077
Full text PDF: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-44361


Abstract

The study was conducted at Volvo Arvika were pins sometimes are sticky to mount during assembly of wheel loaders. This causes problems regarding ergonomic, quality, cost and productivity. Due to deviations in tolerances, defects and errors, assemblers are forced to use equipment such as sledgehammers to mount the pins. The purpose of this study is to achieve and assembly process which meets Volvo´s criteria’s. By investigation the flows for frames at Volvo Arvika, defects and errors were discovered and mapped in a fish bone diagram. The study was focused on a specific joint, the E-joint for which and p-FMEA was performed. Measurement of tolerances and surface roughness were performed together with determination of the real frequency of problematic joints.  Cooling and heating methods for pins and joints were evaluated and a prototype for pre-heating was built in order to achieve a temporary expansion to facilitate the mounting. The material effect for both heating and cooling was also evaluated. The results shows several defects and errors which occurs during processing but most of them are connected to the production flow for frames and methods during assembly. The real frequency of problematic E-joints was 33% where the smaller L60 model was most problematic. Pre-heating was a success and room tempered pins could be mounted whereas today they are cooled in freezers. No metallurgical effects should occur during usage of the evaluated concepts within heating and cooling methods. ; Studien är utförd på Volvo i Arvika där tapparna ibland går trögt under montering vid assemblering av hjullastare. Detta orsakar problem angående eregonomi, kvalitet, kostnad och produktivtet. På grund av toleransavikelser, defekter och fel, tvingas montörer att använda utrustning så som släggor för att montera tapparna. Syftet med denna studie är att uppnå en monteringsprocess som möter Volvos krav. Genom undersökningar av flödet för ramar på Volvo i Arvika upptäcktes defekter och fel som kartlades i ett fiskbensdiagram. Studien var inriktad emot E-förbandet för vilket också en p-FMEA utfördes. Mätningar av toleranser och ytjämnhetskrav utfördes tillsammans med bestämning av den verkliga frekvensen av problematiska förband. Kyl och värme-metoder utvärderades där en prototyp för förvärmning konstruerades för att åstadkomma en expansion och underlätta monteringen. Materialpåverkan för både kyl och värme-metoder utvärderas också. Resultatet påvisar flertal defekter och fel som uppstår under bearbetning men de flesta är knutna till produktionsflödet för ramar och metoder under montering. Den verkliga frekvensen av trögmonterade tappar är 33% varvid den minsta modellen, L60 är mest problematisk. Förvärmning var en succe där rumstempererade tappar kunde monteras jämfört med nuläget där de kyls i frysar. Inga metallurgiska förändringar borde uppstå under användning av de utvärderade koncepten för förvärmning och kylning. 

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