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Topological changes in simulations of deformable objects : Changements topologiques pour la simulation d'objets dformables

by Christoph Joachim Paulus

Institution: Universit de Strasbourg
Year: 2017
Keywords: Dcoupe; Dchirure; Fracture; Changements topologiques; Quadratique fonctions de forme; Ralit augmente; Dformation; Structures internes; Cutting; Fracture; Topological changes; Quadratic shape functions; Shells; Augmented reality; Deformation; Interna
Posted: 02/01/2018
Record ID: 2155742
Full text PDF: http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAD009


Abstract

La dcoupe virtuelle d'objets dformables est au coeur de nombreuses applications pour la simulation interactive. Nous prsentons un nouvel algorithme de remaillage permettant la simulation de dcoupes avec la mthode des lments finis. Nous avons combin notre algorithme avec la mthode du snapping dplaant les noeuds la surface de coupe, pour des ttradres linaires. Notre approche permet de matriser le nombre de noeuds et de la qualit numrique du maillage durant les coupes. Elle donne des rsultats similaires pour les fonctions de forme quadratiques. Dans ce cadre, nous avons valu le snapping pour simuler la fracture de surfaces triangules. Nous avons appliqu nos rsultats en 3D pour l'assistance aux gestes chirurgicaux, en tant les premiers prsenter des rsultats sur la dtection de dchirures dans un flux vido monoculaire. La robustesse de notre algorithme et l'augmentation des structures internes des organes. Virtual cutting of deformable objects is at the core of many applications in interactive simulation for computational medicine. We present a new remeshing algorithm simulating cuts based on the finite element method. For tetrahedral elements with linear shape tunctions, we combined our algorithm with the movement of the nodes on the cutting surface, called snapping. Our approach shows benefits when evaluating the impact of cuts on the number of nodes and the numerical quality of the mesh. The remeshing algorithm yields similar results for quadratic elements. However, the snapping of nodes entails higher challenges and has been evaluated on triangular elements, simulating fractures. For augmented reality applications, we are the first to present results on the detection of fractures, tearing and cutting from a monocular video stream. Examples in different contexts show the robustness of our algorithm and the augmentation of internai organ structures highlights the clinical interest.Advisors/Committee Members: Cazier, David (thesis director), Cotin, Stphane (thesis director).

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