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Stimuli-responsive breakable hybrid organic/inorganic silica nanoparticles for biomedical applications : Nanoparticules de silice hybrides cassables et sensibles vis--vis de stimulus pour des applications biomdicales

by Ricardo Totovao

Institution: Universit de Strasbourg
Year: 2017
Keywords: Cancer; Nanomdecine; Nanoparticules; Silice; Cancer; Nanomedicine; Drug delivery; Nanoparticle; Silica; Stimuli-responsive; Breakability; In vitro; 572.5; 615.1
Posted: 02/01/2018
Record ID: 2161023
Full text PDF: http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAF014


Abstract

Pour pallier le problme defficacit de la plupart des mdicaments disponibles sur le march aujourdhui, li des manques de spcificit et de solubilit, notamment dans le cadre du traitement du cancer, la nanomdecine, via les nanoparticules prsente une alternative de grande importance. Dans ce domaine, les nanoparticules de silice ont rcemment attir une norme attention de la part des scientifiques. Cependant, des problmes dlimination lis la solidit du matriau entravent aujourdhui sa traduction clinique. Afin dlucider cette problmatique, nous prsentons, dans cette thse, lutilisation de nanoparticules de silice hybrides dont lune est msoporeuse et lautre sous forme de nanocapsule dpourvue de porosit. Les particules qui sont sphriques ont t prpares en incorporant un groupement imine dans leur charpente afin de les rendre sensibles au pH bas, sachant que les tissus cancreux prsentent une certaine acidit par comparaison aux tissus sains. Les matriaux prpars se montrent particulirement sensibles aux milieux acides similaires aux conditions dans les milieux cancreux. Dans le mme temps, ces particules exposent une bonne stabilit en milieu pH neutre similaire aux conditions physiologiques. Des tudes in vitro ralises avec la particule msoporeuse sur une ligne de cellule cancreuse issue du sein humain dmontrent une bonne et rapide internalisation. De plus, lorsque le matriau est charg avec un mdicament hydrophobe trs puissant utilis dans le traitement du cancer du sein, le systme en rsultant indique une efficacit de grande ampleur en tuant une forte majorit des cellules cancreuses, contrairement au systme bas sur la particule non cassable et au mdicament isol. Paralllement, les nanocapsules charges avec un autre agent anticancreux se montrent particulirement cytotoxiques vis--vis de cellules cancreuses trs communes et qui linternalisent de manire trs rapide. To overcome the limitations of most of the drugs avaible nowadays on the market due to their lack of solubility and specifity in cancer treatment for instance, nanomedicine plays an emerging role as an alternative. In that field, nanoparticles are endowed with several advantages, leading them to be highly considered for drug delivery systems preparation. In this respect, silica nanoparticles have recently a great deal of attention from the scientists. Nevertheless, some issues related to the in vivo elimination of silica materials represent the main obstacle impeding their clinical translation. To elucidate this problematic, we report, in this thesis, the use of breakable hybrid organosilica nanoparticles where one is mesoporous and the other one consists in a nanocapsule without porosity. Such materials have been prepared by incorporating an imine-based linker in the particles framework in order to make them pH-responsive. The advantage of the pH sensitivity relies on the fact that cancerous media present certain acidity as compared to those healthy. The particles exhibit a high pH sensitivityAdvisors/Committee Members: De Cola, Luisa (thesis director).

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