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Impacts of CO2-Induced Ocean Acidification on predator detection ability and developementof temperate fish

by Sara Isabel Martins

Institution: ISPA
Department:
Degree:
Year: 2017
Keywords: Lepadogaster lepadogaster; Atherina presbyter; Acidificao; Desenvolvimento larvar; Comportamento larvar; Ocean acidification; Larval development; Larval behavior; Domnio/rea Cientfica::Cincias Naturais::Cincias Biolgicas
Posted: 2/1/2018 12:00:00 AM
Record ID: 2175502
Full text PDF: http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:repositorio.ispa.pt:10400.12/5387


Abstract

Dissertao de Mestrado apresentadano ISPA Instituto Universitrio de CinciasPsicolgicas, Sociais e da Vida para obteno de graude Mestre na especialidade de Biologia Marinha eConservao A acidificao do oceano, causada por nveis elevados de dixido de carbono (CO2)atmosfrico, reconhecida como uma ameaa aos ecossistemas marinhos. A maioria dosestudos tem-se centrado nos organismos de calcificao marinha, devido dependncia decarbonato de clcio, que poder ficar limitado no futuro. Menos ateno tem sido dada aospeixes, mas estudos recentes sobre os estados larvares sugerem que o comportamento,crescimento, desenvolvimento e mesmo a dimenso de estrutura como otlitos podem serafetados com o aumento dos nveis de CO2. Contudo, outros estudos no conseguem detectarefeitos negativos, sugerindo vulnerabilidades variveis entre espcies.Neste estudo foram testados os efeitos da acidificao no perodo larvar deLepadogaster lepadogaster, uma espcie de peixe marinho temperado. Foram incubados ovose desenvolvidas as larvas em cativeiro e em condies de controlo e de pCO2 elevado. Asalteraes morfomtricas e o tamanho de otlitos foram examinados em larvas em prassentamento.Foi ainda testada a resposta comportamental a um odor de predador em larvasde L. lepadogaster e de Atherina presbyter, mantidas em condies de pCO2 elevado. Acapacidade de reconhecer odores de predadores por ser uma resposta chave para asobrevivncia, sendo reconhecido em diversos estudos como um dos mais afetados em peixesexpostos a altos nveis de CO2.Os resultados sugerem que as fases larvares de L. lepadogaster podem ser maisresilientes a cenrios de acidificao, enquanto A. presbyter parece ser mais suscetvel, compotenciais efeitos na sua sobrevivncia. Estudos futuros devero abordar a capacidade dediferentes espcies se adaptarem s condies de acidificao previstas at final deste sculo. Ocean acidification, caused by elevated levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2), isrecognized as a serious threat to marine ecosystems. Until now, most studies have focused onmarine calcifying organisms, due to dependence on calcium carbonate, which is likely tobecome limited under future acidification scenarios. Less attention has been given to fish, butrecent studies on the early life stages suggest that behavior, growth, development and otolithsize may be highly affected by increasing CO2 levels. Other studies, on the other hand, fail todetect negative effects, suggesting species-specific vulnerabilities to increasing concentrationsof CO2 and point to a need of further research.Here we tested the effects of CO2-induced ocean acidification on the early life stages ofa temperate marine fish, the clingfish Lepadogaster lepadogaster, by rearing larvae sincehatching in control and high pCO2 conditions. Size-at-age metrics and otolith size wereexamined in pre-settlement stage larvae. Additionally, behavioral response to a predator odourwas tested in L. lepadogaster larvae and in Atherina presbyterAdvisors/Committee Members: Faria, Ana Margarida.

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