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Fault detection and isolation via continuous time statistics = Deteccin y Diagnstico de fallos mediante estadsticos en tiempo continuo

by Lpez Angela Castillo

Institution: E.T.S.I. Industriales (UPM)
Year: 2017
Keywords: Ingeniera Industrial; Matemticas
Posted: 02/01/2018
Record ID: 2188476
Full text PDF: http://hdl.handle.net/10803/450886


Abstract

El problema de deteccin y diagnstico de fallos en plantas modeladas mediante sistemas dinmicos en tiempo continuo est siendo tratado mediante distintos procedimientos que en general se pueden clasificar en deterministas y estocsticos. Los mtodos que se desarrollan en esta tesis corresponden a la lnea estocstica, se basan en el anlisis de estadsticos en tiempo continuo, mientras que el esfuerzo en este campo ha estado tradicionalmente orientado al desarrollo y estudio de estadsticos en tiempo discreto. A pesar de que el uso de medios informticos fuerza la discretizacin de las seales, resulta ms natural abordar el problema de deteccin y diagnstico de fallos sobre modelos en tiempo continuo con estadsticos tambin en tiempo continuo, para conseguir deteccin y diagnstico en tiempo real (on-line).Los esquemas de deteccin y diagnstico aqu presentados consisten bsicamente en la generacin de un residuo a partir del modelo del sistema, que se supone disponible, y su anlisis posterior. Las herramientas estadsticas usadas para extraer del residuo informacin sobre el fallo son los contrastes de hiptesis; se pueden construir contrastes diferentes a partir de estadsticos diferentes, dando lugar as a distintos esquemas de deteccin y diagnstico, que sern caracterizados desde el punto de vista de su conveniencia para la deteccin de distintos tipos de fallos. La regla de Bayes, de uso habitual en clasificacin de patrones, es de gran ayuda tambin en una de las fases del diagnstico, la del aislamiento del fallo.La validacin de los mtodos presentados viene dada mediante distintos ejemplos de simulacin, en particular se estudia el caso de fallos en la fuente de voltaje de un circuito.RESUMEN INGLSThe problem of fault detection and isolation (FDI) in continuous time dynamical systems has been treated using different approaches, which can be classified in deterministic or stochastic. The approaches presented in this work correspond to the stochastic line. They are based on the analysis of continuous-time statistics. whereas the effort in this field has been traditionally oriented to the development and stndy of discrete time statistics. Although the use of computers forces the discretization of continuous-time signis, it seems natural to address the FDI problem on continuous-time models with continuous-time statistics, in order to achieve real on-line detection and isolation processes.The FDI methods developed here are based on the generation of a residual from the system model (assumed as available) and its posterior analysis.The statistical tool used to extract fault information from the residual is the hypothesis testing: different statistics are proposed, providing so difierent testing schemes. which will be characterized regarding their convenience for detecting different types of faults. The Bayes' rule, usually used for classification, is also applied in the isolation phase.These methods have been validated via simulations. In particular, the occurrence of faults in the voltageAdvisors/Committee Members: Zufiria Zatarain, Pedro Jos, Snchez Maez, Eva.

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