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Opposing activities of IRF1 and IRF4 in regulating the Il9 locus in Th9 cells

by Carrascosa Lucia Campos

Institution: Philipps-Universitt Marburg
Year: 2017
Posted: 02/01/2018
Record ID: 2201169
Full text PDF: 10.17192/z2017.0598;http://archiv.ub.uni-marburg.de/diss/z2017/0598


Abstract

The T helper (Th)9 cell transcriptional network is formed by an equilibrium of signals induced by cytokines and antigen presentation. Positive regulators including interferon regulatory factor (IRF)4 promote expression of the key cytokine interleukin (IL)-9 in Th9 cells, whereas interferon (IFN)- represses IL-9 production. Here we show that the IFN--triggered inhibition of IL-9 is mediated via IRF1 in human and mouse Th9 cells. Thereby, IRF1 opposes IRF4 functions and dose-dependently limits IRF4-driven Il9 promoter activity and IL-9 production. Abundance of IRF1 correlates with decreased IRF4 occupancy pointing to IRF1/IRF4 binding competition at the Il9 locus. In addition, IRF1 binding associates with reduced permissive histone acetylation and accordingly with diminished RNA polymerase II (pol II) recruitment at the Il9 locus. Furthermore, IFN--induced IRF1 shifts the Th9 transcriptome towards an IFN/Th1-like gene signature. Consistently, the absence of IRF1 leads to increased pathogenicity of IFN--treated Th9 cells in allergic airway disease (AAD). Thus, we identified the ratio between IRF1 and IRF4 as a key factor for balancing Th9 differentiation. Hence, interfering with the IRF1/IRF4 equilibirium might prove useful for asthma therapy. Das transkriptionelle Netzwerk der T-Helfer 9(Th9)-Zellen basiert auf einem Gleichgewicht von Signalen, die durch Zytokine und Antigen-Prsentation induziert werden. So wird die Expression von Interleukin 9 (IL-9), des Effektorzytokins dieser Zellen, einerseits durch interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF4) positiv beeinflusst, andererseits durch das inflammatorische Zytokin Interferon- (IFN-) gehemmt. Diese Arbeit zeigt, dass die verminderte IL-9-Produktion in humanen und murinen Th9-Zellen durch IRF1 vermittelt wird. Dabei hemmt IRF1 konzentrationsabhngig die durch IRF4 gefrderte Il9 Promotoraktivitt und IL-9-Produktion. Die Bindung von IRF1 korreliert mit verminderter IRF4-Bindung, was auf eine kompetitive Interaktion von IRF1 und IRF4 am Il9 Locus hindeutet. Darber hinaus ist IRF1 fr eine verminderte Histon-Acetylierung verantwortlich und bedingt dadurch einen verringerten Zugang der RNA-Polymerase II (pol II) zum Il9 Locus. Zustzlich treibt IFN--induziertes IRF1 das Th9 Transkriptom in Richtung einer IFN/Th1-hnlichen genetischen Signatur. bereinstimmend mit diesen Befunden fhrt die Abwesenheit von IRF1 zu einer erhhten Pathogenitt von Th9-Zellen bei allergischen Atemwegserkrankungen (AAD). Zusammenfassend wurde gezeigt, dass dem Verhltnis von IRF1 zu IRF4 eine Schlsselfunktion in der Th9-Differenzierung zukommt. Damit knnte die Manipulation dieses Gleichgewichts einen potentiellen Ansatzpunkt fr Asthma-Therapie darstellen.Advisors/Committee Members: Huber, Magdalena (advisor).

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