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Blood barriers for oncolytic adenovirus efficacy: study of binding to erythrocytes via CAR and albuminmediated evasion of neutralizing antibodies

by Expsito Luis Rojas

Institution: Universitat de Barcelona
Year: 2017
Keywords: Oncologia; Oncologa; Oncology; Adenovirus; Adenoviruses; Hematies; Hemates; Erythrocytes; Immunoglobulines; Inmunoglobulinas; Immunoglobulins; Albmines; Albminas; Albumins; Cincies Experimentals i Matemtiques; 577
Posted: 02/01/2018
Record ID: 2219739
Full text PDF: http://hdl.handle.net/10803/404054


Abstract

Els adenovirus oncoltics sn agents teraputics prometedors, degut a la seva capacitat dinfectar i eliminar selectivament les cllules tumorals, sense afectar les cllules normals. Tot i que la ruta preferida dadministraci s la intravenosa per tal darribar a totes les metstasis, la interacci del virus amb diversos components de la sang provoca la seva neutralitzaci. Per tant, millorar larribada dels virus als tumors per via sistmica s un aspecte clau per a lxit daquesta terpia. En aquest treball sha estudiat la interacci de ladenovirus serotip 5 amb els eritrcits humans a travs del receptor CAR, la qual es va descriure que provocava el segrest i la inactivaci del virus. Malgrat es va observar uni als eritrcits, aquesta no va reduir la transducci de cllules tumorals in vitro. Degut a que els eritrcits murins no expressen CAR, es van transferir eritrcits humans a ratolins immunodeprimits per tal danalitzar lefecte de la interacci desprs de la injecci sistmica. Tot i aix, aquesta uni als eritrcits no va alterar la extravasaci ni la transducci del fetge per part del virus, suggerint que la interacci s reversible i no neutralitzant.Per altra banda, lalta prevalena danticossos neutralitzants contra ladenovirus 5 en la poblaci humana representa un obstacle molt important per la injecci intravenosa daquest. Per protegir ladenovirus contra els anticossos neutralitzants sha inserit un domini duni a albmina (ABD) a la protena principal de la cpside viral, la protena hex. Aquest domini suneix a lalbmina srica, recobrint el virus amb aquesta desprs de ladministraci sistmica. Els virus modificats amb ABD sn capaos dunir-se tant a lalbmina humana com a la murina, fet que els permet mantenir la infectivitat i la capacitat replicativa en presncia danticossos neutralitzants. Els adenovirus no modificats sn completament neutralitzats desprs de la administraci sistmica en ratolins pre-immunes, mentre que els virus modificats amb ABD mantenen la capacitat de transdur els rgans i controlar el creixement tumoral. Els resultats presentats en aquesta tesi recolzen ls daquesta estratgia per a tractar pacients amb adenovirus oncoltics per via sistmica.Advisors/Committee Members: [emailprotected] (authoremail), false (authoremailshow), Alemany Bonastre, Ramon (director), Vials Canals, Francesc (tutor), true (authorsendemail).

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