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Climate Simulations of an Exoplanet with a Slab Ocean: A 3D Model Intercomparison of various GCMs

by Moa Biserud

Institution: Uppsala University
Department: Physics and Astronomy
Degree:
Year: 2022
Keywords: Climate simulations; GCM; ROCKE-3D; Exoplanet; Slab Ocean; Qflux=0; Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology; Astronomi, astrofysik och kosmologi
Posted: 3/25/2025
Record ID: 2232704
Full text PDF: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-480146


Abstract

Three-dimensional (3D) planetary general circulation models (GCMs) have been derived from global climate models used to project 21st century changes in Earth's climate. GCMs are used to address questions regarding the climate-and habitability aspects of terrestrial planets within the solar system and assess the habitability of planets outside of the solar system, so called exoplanets. The development of GCMs has given rise to various results for concepts essential for determining potential habitable exoplanets such as the Habitable zone, hence intercomparison studies are of interest. In this project, the climate of an exoplanet with a static thermodynamic ocean will be modelled using ROCKE-3D, an open-source (3D) GCM developed at the NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies. This is done in order to simulate the climate and examine how the simulations compare to other GCMs. The climate simulation will also be applied to an Earth-like planet in order to determine how an Earth-like climate will impact the results. We find that the climate on a rapidly rotating Aquaplanet receiving a G-star spectral energy distribution is surprisingly Earth-like. By contributing to a higher albedo, the ocean ice fraction of a rapidly rotating Aquaplanet was shown to impact the temperature and humidity structure considerably, despite the absence of Ocean Heat Transport. However, small differences between the simulations with and without sea ice were found for a tidally locked Aquaplanet receiving a M-star spectral energy distribution, which indicates that ROCKE-3D is not shutting off sea ice properly. Generally, ROCKE-3D shows similar results as CAM4 for the G-star runs and for the M-star, ROCKE-3D shows similar results to LMDG. Tredimensionella (3D) planetariska allmänna cirkulationsmodeller (GCM) har härletts från de globala klimatmodeller som används för att projicera 2000-talets förändringar i jordens klimat. GCM används för att bemöta frågor om klimat- och beboelighetsaspekter av jordlika planeter inom solsystemet och bedöma beboeligheten för planeter utanför solsystemet, så kallade exoplaneter. Utvecklingen av GCM har gett upphov till olika resultat för begrepp som är väsentliga för att bestämma potentiella beboeliga exoplaneter såsom den beboerliga zonen, därför är jämförande studier av intresse. I detta projekt kommer klimatet för en exoplanet med ett statiskt termodynamiskt hav att modelleras av ROCKE-3D, en öppen källkod (3D) GCM utvecklad vid NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies. Detta görs för att simulera klimatet och undersöka hur simuleringarna står sig i jämförelse med andra GCMs. Klimatsimuleringen kommer också att tillämpas på en jordliknande planet för att avgöra hur ett jordliknande klimat kommer att påverka resultaten. Vi finner att klimatet på en snabbt roterande vattenplanet som mottar en G-stjärnig spektral energifördelning är överraskande jordliknande. Genom att bidra till ett högre albedo visade havsisfraktionen av en snabbt roterande Aquaplanet att påverka temperatur- och fuktstrukturen…

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