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L'obligation solidaire en droit administratif : Joint and several liability in administrative law
by Solange Darrigo
| Institution: | Université Paris Panthéon-Sorbonne |
|---|---|
| Department: | Droit public |
| Degree: | Docteur es |
| Year: | 2022 |
| Keywords: | Droit administratif des obligations; Droit privé des obligations; Contrats administratifs; Responsabilité administrative; Dettes et créances publiques; Contentieux administratif; Droit fiscal; Compétence juridictionnelle.; Administrative law of liability; |
| Posted: | 3/25/2025 |
| Record ID: | 2289263 |
| Full text PDF: | http://www.theses.fr/2022PA01D070 |
Institution du droit privé, l’obligation solidaire est également utilisée en droit administratif afin d’appliquer un régime propre aux mécanismes du droit administratif. L’action administrative produit une grande diversité d’obligations solidaires, telles que celles découlant des contrats administratifs comportant une clause de solidarité ou des faits dommageables obligeant solidairement plusieurs entités à la réparation envers la victime. Si le juge administratif a choisi d’utiliser une institution du droit privé, c’est en raison de son utilité. Comme en droit privé, en droit administratif, les obligations solidaires et in solidum ont pour fonction de garantir le paiement d’une obligation au créancier qui peut s’adresser au codébiteur de son choix sans diviser ses poursuites. L’obligation solidaire sert alors tout à la fois les intérêts de la personne publique et ceux des administrés. Cette finalité commune a conduit le juge administratif à puiser dans le droit privé des obligations pour la définition du domaine et du régime de l’obligation solidaire en droit administratif. Pourtant, des considérations propres au droit administratif ont donné à l’obligation solidaire une certaine originalité en droit administratif. D’une part, la présence d’une personne publique déforme le domaine de l’obligation solidaire, limitant ainsi les avantages offerts au créancier par la solidarité. D’autre part, l’intervention d’une personne publique dans le rapport obligataire conduit à adapter des règles du régime de l’obligation solidaire, en imposant par exemple le respect des règles de la comptabilité publique. Although a private law concept, joint and several liability is also used in administrative law to provide a regime specific to administrative law mechanisms. Administrative proceedings produce a wide variety of joint and several obligations, such as those arising from public procurement contracts including a joint and several clause or from harmful events which involve several entities being jointly and severally liable for compensation. The purpose of this private law concept explains its use by administrative courts. As in private law, the administrative law function of joint and several obligations is to guarantee the payment of an obligation to the creditor who can claim payment from the co-debtor of their choice and avoid having to make separate claims. The joint and several obligation thus serves both the interests of the administrative authorities and those of citizens. The shared purpose of joint and several liability in private law and administrative law explains why administrative courts have drawn on private law of obligations to define the scope and regime of administrative joint and several liability. Yet, considerations specific to administrative law have given the joint and several liability a certain uniqueness in administrative law. Firstly, the involvement of a public person distorts the scope of the joint and several liability, thus limiting the advantages offered to the creditor by the solidarity…
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